Evolution and current challenges of motorcycle legislation in France

Over the years, motorcycle legislation in France has undergone several changes to adapt to both technological advancements and environmental and safety concerns. In this article, we will explore the main recent developments in this specific regulation, as well as the challenges and issues that are emerging on the horizon.

Significant modifications to motorcycle regulation

Several laws and decrees have been adopted in recent years to modernize and improve motorcycle legislation. Among them:

• The technical inspection of motorized two-wheelers: Since January 1, 2023, a technical inspection is mandatory for motorcycles over 4 years old when they are put up for sale. This inspection must be carried out every two years thereafter. The goal is to evaluate the vehicle's compliance with current standards and to encourage owners to maintain their two-wheelers properly.
• The fight against noise: Starting July 1, 2025, new penalties may be applied to users whose two-wheelers produce an excessive noise level, particularly in cases of non-compliance or intentional degradation of exhaust systems.
• The mandatory wearing of safety equipment: In addition to the helmet, motorized two-wheeler riders must now wear an approved airbag vest, gloves, a jacket and pants with protections or a full suit, as well as closed boots. This measure aims to reduce the number of serious accidents involving motorcyclists.
• The equipment of motorcycles: The presence of an anti-lock braking system (ABS) has been made mandatory for all new motorcycles over 125 cm³ registered since January 1, 2022. Additionally, electric two-wheelers have also seen their power limit increased to 11 kW for lightweight motorcycles (motorcycles between 50 and 125 cm³).

Speed and circulation limits

The current legislation imposes specific speed limits for motorcyclists to prevent accidents and improve coexistence among road users:

• The maximum speed allowed on highways is 130 km/h for motorcycles, while it is 110 km/h on separated roads and 80 km/h on other roads.
• In town, the speed is limited to 50 km/h, unless otherwise indicated.
• Overtaking on the right is prohibited, as is weaving between lanes. However, some experiments allow the practice of lane splitting on certain sections of highways and two-lane roads separated by a central reservation.

Moreover, circulation restrictions based on Crit'Air stickers have been established to limit pollution, particularly in large urban areas. Category 3 motorized two-wheelers (the oldest and most polluting) are now banned from low emission zones during pollution peaks.

The current and future challenges and issues of motorcycle legislation

Further improving motorcyclist safety

Despite efforts made to enhance the safety of motorized two-wheeler riders, they remain particularly exposed to road accidents. The development of new equipment aimed at reducing the incidence of collisions is thus a priority, as is maintaining an open and constructive dialogue among various stakeholders: public authorities, motorcyclist associations, industry experts, and users.

Promoting sustainable and clean mobility

In light of environmental challenges, legislation must also encourage the development of environmentally-friendly mobility solutions, such as scooters and electric motorcycles. These vehicles can significantly reduce polluting emissions, but their range remains a barrier to widespread adoption. Public authorities could play a decisive role by supporting the installation of fast charging stations or by encouraging users to switch to electric two-wheelers through financial aid and tax benefits.

Facilitating coexistence among road users

Mutual respect and good coexistence among drivers, motorcyclists, cyclists, and pedestrians are essential for everyone to travel safely and serenely. Legislation must continue to evolve to promote the sharing of public space in a spirit of collaboration rather than confrontation.

Anticipating technological advancements

Finally, in the face of constant innovations in the automotive and motorcycle sectors (driver assistance systems, connected vehicles, etc.), it is essential that legislation remains proactive and reactive, while avoiding hindering the development of solutions that can improve the safety, environment, and well-being of road users.